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Data Visualization

Chapter 3. Data Visualization in R

Iñaki Úcar

Department of Statistics | uc3m-Santander Big Data Institute

Master in Computational Social Science

Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 4.0 Last generated: 2023-01-25

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Directory of Visualizations

Based on The R Graph Gallery

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Map

< Contents

Map Choropleth Hexbin map Cartogram Connection Bubble map


  • Visualizaton of geospatial data
  • Usually, the map is just a reference
  • Sometimes, it encodes the information
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Map Map

< Contents | Many resources and examples at r-spatial.org

world <- giscoR::gisco_get_countries()
ggplot(world) +
  geom_sf()

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Map Map

< Contents

usa <- sf::st_as_sf(maps::map(
  "state", plot=FALSE, fill=TRUE))
ggplot(usa) +
  geom_sf()

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Map Map

< Contents

africa <- giscoR::gisco_get_countries(
    region="Africa")
ggplot(africa) +
  geom_sf()

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Map Map

< Contents | See Coordinate Reference Systems

africa <- giscoR::gisco_get_countries(
    region="Africa")
ggplot(africa) +
  geom_sf() +
  coord_sf(xlim=c(-20, 50),
           ylim=c(-40, 40))

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Map Choropleth

< Contents

africa <- giscoR::gisco_get_countries(
    region="Africa") |>
  left_join(
    africamonitor::am_data(
      series="SP_POP_TOTL",
      from=2021, to=2021),
    by=c("ISO3_CODE"="ISO3"))
ggplot(africa) +
  geom_sf(aes(fill=SP_POP_TOTL)) +
  coord_sf(xlim=c(-20, 50),
           ylim=c(-40, 40)) +
  scale_fill_viridis_c() +
  labs(fill="Population") +
  theme(legend.position=c(0, 0),
        legend.justification=c(0, 0))

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Map Cartogram

< Contents

africa <- giscoR::gisco_get_countries(
    region="Africa") |>
  left_join(
    africamonitor::am_data(
      series="SP_POP_TOTL",
      from=2021, to=2021),
    by=c("ISO3_CODE"="ISO3")) |>
  sf::st_transform(3857) |>
  cartogram::cartogram_cont(
    "SP_POP_TOTL", itermax=5) |>
  sf::st_transform(4326)
ggplot(africa) +
  geom_sf(aes(fill=SP_POP_TOTL)) +
  coord_sf(xlim=c(-20, 50),
           ylim=c(-40, 40)) +
  scale_fill_viridis_c() +
  labs(fill="Population") +
  theme(legend.position=c(0, 0),
        legend.justification=c(0, 0))

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Map Bubble map

< Contents

africa <- giscoR::gisco_get_countries(
    region="Africa") |>
  left_join(
    africamonitor::am_data(
      series="SP_POP_TOTL",
      from=2021, to=2021),
    by=c("ISO3_CODE"="ISO3"))
centroids <- africa |>
  sf::st_centroid()
ggplot(centroids) +
  geom_sf(data=africa) +
  geom_sf(aes(size=SP_POP_TOTL)) +
  coord_sf(xlim=c(-20, 50),
           ylim=c(-40, 40)) +
  labs(size="Population") +
  theme(legend.position=c(0, 0),
        legend.justification=c(0, 0))

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Map Connection

< Contents

africa <- giscoR::gisco_get_countries(
    region="Africa") |>
  left_join(
    africamonitor::am_data(
      series="SP_POP_TOTL",
      from=2021, to=2021),
    by=c("ISO3_CODE"="ISO3"))
centroids <- africa |>
  sf::st_centroid()
lines <- centroids |>
  sf::st_union() |>
  sf::st_cast("LINESTRING")
ggplot(lines) +
  geom_sf(data=africa) +
  geom_sf(aes(size=SP_POP_TOTL),
          data=centroids) +
  geom_sf() +
  coord_sf(xlim=c(-20, 50),
           ylim=c(-40, 40)) +
  labs(size="Population") +
  theme(legend.position=c(0, 0),
        legend.justification=c(0, 0))

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Map Hexbin map

< Contents

esp <- mapSpain::esp_get_country()
hexccaa <- mapSpain::esp_get_hex_ccaa()
ggplot(hexccaa) +
  geom_sf(data=esp) +
  geom_sf(aes(fill=codauto),
          alpha=0.3,
          show.legend=FALSE) +
  geom_sf_text(
    aes(label=label),
    check_overlap=TRUE) +
  theme_void(base_size=16)

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Map Hexbin map

< Contents

esp <- mapSpain::esp_get_country()
hexprov <- mapSpain::esp_get_hex_prov()
ggplot(hexprov) +
  geom_sf(data=esp) +
  geom_sf(aes(fill=codauto),
          alpha=0.3,
          show.legend=FALSE) +
  geom_sf_text(
    aes(label=label),
    check_overlap=TRUE) +
  theme_void(base_size=16)

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Map Hexbin map

< Contents

esp <- mapSpain::esp_get_country()
gridprov <- mapSpain::esp_get_grid_prov()
ggplot(gridprov) +
  geom_sf(data=esp) +
  geom_sf(aes(fill=codauto),
          alpha=0.3,
          show.legend=FALSE) +
  geom_sf_text(
    aes(label=label),
    check_overlap=TRUE) +
  theme_void(base_size=16)

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Directory of Visualizations

Based on The R Graph Gallery

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